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color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";
color:blue'>Ladies and Gentlemen,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";
color:blue'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";
color:blue'>Here is some more good information about the heat, how it affects
us, first aid and prevention of heat related illness provided by Ride Captain
Steve Hirtzel. This is complete with attachments and many useful links
throughout the document. Steve is the safety director for Lockheed Martin with
many years of experience in that field and a wonderful resource of information.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";
color:blue'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";
color:blue'>Steve Lucas<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";
color:blue'>Deputy State Captain<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS";
color:blue'>North Texas PGR</span><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
"Verdana","sans-serif";color:blue'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:blue'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>Here is some good information
from reliable sources on heat exposure. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>How does heat affect the body?</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'><br>
<br>
The effect of heat on the body is a result of three factors: humidity level
causing 70% of heat stress, sun radiation causing 20% and the temperature
causing 10% of heat stress. It is therefore important to understand that the
humidity level plays the most important role in heat induced stress and
illness. During heat waves, the temperature is measured but the humidity is
also recorded and tends to bring up the temperature. This measurement is
referred to as the HUMIDEX. <br>
<br>
<b>How does heat affect the body?</b><br>
<br>
Generally humans can control their internal temperature in the heat by
sweating. However under extreme heat and humidity conditions the body cannot
keep up and will suffer from heat stress. The elderly and young children, as
well as those with chronic respiratory and heart conditions are more
susceptible to heat induced injury. <br>
<br>
<b>What are the consequences of heat exposure?</b><br>
<br>
<i>Heat Exhaustion</i> <br>
<br>
Heat exhaustion usually occurs after prolonged exposure to heat and/or heavy
exercise in the heat resulting in increased loss of body fluids through heavy
sweating. The signs of heat exhaustion include: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:black'>·</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>
Clammy, pale skin <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:black'>·</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>
Sweating <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:black'>·</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>
Dry mouth <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;color:black'>·</span><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>
Tiredness(fatigue) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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dizziness<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<h4><a name=content></a>NIOSH Safety and Health Topic: <o:p></o:p></h4>
<h1>Heat Stress<o:p></o:p></h1>
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id="_x0000_i1040" src="cid:image015.jpg@01C9F41E.7D25DF40" hspace=1
alt="Workers casting hot metal"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Overview"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Overview<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Workers who are exposed to extreme
heat or work in hot environments may be at risk of heat stress. Exposure to
extreme heat can result in occupational illnesses and injuries. Heat stress can
result in heat stroke, heat exhaustion, heat cramps, or heat rashes. Heat can
also increase the risk of injuries in workers as it may result in sweaty palms,
fogged-up safety glasses, and dizziness. Burns may also occur as a result of
accidental contact with hot surfaces or steam. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:#F39B43'><strong><span style='font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Summer Hazards for Workers</span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'> –
now on the NIOSH Science Blog. <a
href="http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/blog/nsb071408_summerheat.html">Read it and
share your comments</a>...<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Workers at risk of heat stress
include outdoor workers and workers in hot environments such as firefighters,
bakery workers, farmers, construction workers, miners, boiler room workers,
factory workers, and others. Workers at greater risk of heat stress include
those who are 65 years of age or older, are overweight, have heart disease or
high blood pressure, or take medications that may be affected by extreme heat. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Prevention of heat stress in
workers is important. Employers should provide training to workers so they
understand what heat stress is, how it affects their health and safety, and how
it can be prevented. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Types_of_Heat"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Types of Heat
Stress <o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/heatstress/#_Heat_Stroke#_Heat_Stroke"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#0033CC'>Heat Stroke</span></strong></a>
| <a
href="http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/heatstress/#_Heat_Exhaustion#_Heat_Exhaustion"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#0033CC'>Heat Exhaustion</span></strong></a>
| <a
href="http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/heatstress/#_Heat_Syncope#_Heat_Syncope"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#0033CC'>Heat Syncope</span></strong></a>
| <a
href="http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/heatstress/#_Heat_Cramps#_Heat_Cramps"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#0033CC'>Heat Cramps</span></strong></a>
| <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/heatstress/#_Heat_Rash#_Heat_Rash"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#0033CC'>Heat Rash</span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Heat_Stroke"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Heat Stroke<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Heat stroke is the most serious
heat-related disorder. It occurs when the body becomes unable to control its
temperature: the body's temperature rises rapidly, the sweating mechanism
fails, and the body is unable to cool down. When heat stroke occurs, the body
temperature can rise to 106 degrees Fahrenheit or higher within 10 to 15
minutes. Heat stroke can cause death or permanent disability if emergency
treatment is not given. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Symptoms <o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Symptoms of heat stroke include: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Hot, dry skin (no sweating) <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Hallucinations <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Chills <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Throbbing headache <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>High body temperature <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Confusion/dizziness <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo1'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Slurred speech <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>First Aid <o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Take the following steps to treat
a worker with heat stroke: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo2'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Call 911 and notify their supervisor. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo2'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Move the sick worker to a cool shaded area. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo2'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Cool the worker using methods such as: <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type=circle>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l5 level2 lfo2'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Soaking their clothes with water. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l5 level2 lfo2'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Spraying, sponging, or showering them with water. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l5 level2 lfo2'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Fanning their body. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Heat_Exhaustion"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Heat
Exhaustion <o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Heat exhaustion is the body's
response to an excessive loss of the water and salt, usually through excessive
sweating. Workers most prone to heat exhaustion are those that are elderly,
have high blood pressure, and those working in a hot environment. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Symptoms <o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Symptoms of heat exhaustion
include: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Heavy sweating <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Extreme weakness or fatigue <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Dizziness, confusion <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Nausea <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Clammy, moist skin <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Pale or flushed complexion <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Muscle cramps <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Slightly elevated body temperature <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo3'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Fast and shallow breathing <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>First Aid <o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Treat a worker suffering from heat
exhaustion with the following: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo4'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Have them rest in a cool, shaded or air-conditioned
area. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo4'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Have them drink plenty of water or other cool,
nonalcoholic beverages. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo4'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Have them take a cool shower, bath, or sponge bath. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Heat_Syncope"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Heat Syncope <o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Heat syncope is a fainting
(syncope) episode or dizziness that usually occurs with prolonged standing or
sudden rising from a sitting or lying position. Factors that may contribute to
heat syncope include dehydration and lack of acclimatization. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Symptoms<o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Symptoms of heat syncope include: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l12 level1 lfo5'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Light-headedness <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l12 level1 lfo5'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Dizziness <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l12 level1 lfo5'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Fainting <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>First Aid <o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Workers with heat syncope should: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo6'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Sit or lie down in a cool place when they begin to
feel symptoms. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo6'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Slowly drink water, clear juice, or a sports
beverage. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Heat_Cramps"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Heat Cramps <o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Heat cramps usually affect workers
who sweat a lot during strenuous activity. This sweating depletes the body's
salt and moisture levels. Low salt levels in muscles causes painful cramps.
Heat cramps may also be a symptom of heat exhaustion. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Symptoms <o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Muscle pain or spasms usually in
the abdomen, arms, or legs. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>First Aid <o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Workers with heat cramps should: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo7'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Stop all activity, and sit in a cool place. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo7'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Drink clear juice or a sports beverage. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo7'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Do not return to strenuous work for a few hours
after the cramps subside because further exertion may lead to heat
exhaustion or heat stroke. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo7'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Seek medical attention if any of the following
apply: <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type=circle>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l7 level2 lfo7'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>The worker has heart problems. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l7 level2 lfo7'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>The worker is on a low-sodium diet. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l7 level2 lfo7'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>The cramps do not subside within one hour. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Heat_Rash"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Heat Rash <o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Heat rash is a skin irritation
caused by excessive sweating during hot, humid weather. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Symptoms <o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Symptoms of heat rash include: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo8'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Heat rash looks like a red cluster of pimples or
small blisters. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo8'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>It is more likely to occur on the neck and upper
chest, in the groin, under the breasts, and in elbow creases. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<h4><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>First Aid <o:p></o:p></span></h4>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Workers experiencing heat rash
should: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo9'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Try to work in a cooler, less humid environment when
possible. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo9'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Keep the affected area dry. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo9'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Dusting powder may be used to increase comfort. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Recommendations_for_Employers_"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Recommendations
for Employers <o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Employers should take the
following steps to protect workers from heat stress: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Schedule maintenance and repair jobs in hot areas
for cooler months. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Schedule hot jobs for the cooler part of the day. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Acclimatize workers by exposing them for
progressively longer periods to hot work environments. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Reduce the physical demands of workers. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Use relief workers or assign extra workers for
physically demanding jobs. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Provide cool water or liquids to workers. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type=circle>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Avoid drinks with caffeine, alcohol, or large
amounts of sugar. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Provide rest periods with water breaks. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Provide cool areas for use during break periods. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Monitor workers who are at risk of heat stress. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Provide heat stress training that includes information
about: <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type=circle>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Worker risk <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Prevention <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Symptoms <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>The importance of monitoring yourself and coworkers
for symptoms <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Treatment <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo10'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Personal protective equipment <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Recommendations_for_Workers"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Recommendations
for Workers <o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Workers should avoid exposure to
extreme heat, sun exposure, and high humidity when possible. When these
exposures cannot be avoided, workers should take the following steps to prevent
heat stress: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Wear light-colored, loose-fitting, breathable
clothing such as cotton. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type=circle>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l3 level2 lfo11'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Avoid non-breathing synthetic clothing. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Gradually build up to heavy work. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Schedule heavy work during the coolest parts of day.
<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Take more breaks in extreme heat and humidity. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type=circle>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l3 level2 lfo11'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Take breaks in the shade or a cool area when
possible. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Drink water frequently. Drink enough water that you
never become thirsty. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Avoid drinks with caffeine, alcohol, and large
amounts of sugar. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Be aware that protective clothing or personal
protective equipment may increase the risk of heat stress. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo11'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Monitor your physical condition and that of your
coworkers. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_CDC_Resources"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>CDC Resources<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5724a1.htm">MMWR: Heat-Related
Deaths among Crop Workers, 1992-2006</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://emergency.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/">CDC: Extreme Heat</a><br>
Additional information on heat stress illnesses and prevention.<br>
<a href="http://emergency.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/es/"><span
style='font-size:7.5pt;color:#993300'>En Espaņol</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/86-113.html">NIOSH: Criteria for a Recommended
Standard: Occupational Exposure to Hot Environments (Revised Criteria 1986)</a><br>
This document presents the criteria, techniques, and procedures for the
assessment, evaluation, and control of occupational heat stress by engineering
and preventive work practices. Included are ways of predicting health risks,
procedures for control of heat stress, and techniques for prevention and
treatment of heat-related illnesses.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hotenvt.html">NIOSH: Working in Hot Environments</a><br>
Workers who are suddenly exposed to working in a hot environment face
additional and generally avoidable hazards to their safety and health. This
publication discusses the safety and health consequences of heat stress.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h4>Health Hazard Evaluations<o:p></o:p></h4>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo12'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www2a.cdc.gov/hhe/select.asp?PjtName=41990&bFlag=0&ID=27">Health
Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA 2004-0334-3017</a>, Transportation Security
Administration, Palm Beach International Airport, West Palm Beach, Florida
<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo12'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/reports/pdfs/2003-0311-3052.pdf">Health
Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA 2003-0311-3052</a>, Evaluation of Heat
Stress at a Glass Bottle Manufacturer, Lapel, Indiana <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo12'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www2a.cdc.gov/hhe/select.asp?PjtName=33417&bFlag=0&ID=7">Health
Hazard Evaluation Report, HETA 2000-0061-2885</a>, United States Air
Force, Seymour Johnson air Force Base, Goldsboro, North Carolina <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Other_Government_Resources"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Other
Government Resources <o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/heatstress/index.html">Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA) Safety and Health Topics: Heat Stress</a><br>
Provides a guide to information regarding the recognition, evaluation, control,
and compliance actions involving heat stress.<br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>External link:
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/heatstress/index.html</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_iii/otm_iii_4.html">OSHA Technical
Manual Section III: Chapter 4 - Heat Stress</a><br>
Provides descriptions of heat disorders, investigative guidelines, sampling
methods, control, and PPE.<br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>External link: http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_iii/otm_iii_4.html</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/sawmills/heat.html">OSHA Sawmills eTool:
Heat Stresses</a><br>
Provides information on the hazards of heat stress and possible solutions or
controls.<br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>External link:
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/sawmills/heat.html</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3154.html">OSHA Quick Card: Heat
Stress</a><br>
Provides heat stress factors, symptoms, prevention tips, and first aid
recommendations.<br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>External link: http://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3154.html</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><br>
<a href="http://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3155.html"><span
style='font-size:7.5pt;color:#993300'>En Espaņol</span></a><br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>External link:
http://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3155.html</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/heat_stress.pdf">OSHA
Fact Sheet: Protecting Workers from Effects of Heat</a><br>
Provides information that will help workers understand what heat stress is, how
it may affect their health and safety, and how it can be prevented.<br>
<img border=0 width=20 height=16 id="_x0000_i1041"
src="cid:image016.gif@01C9F41E.7D25DF40" alt="this document in PDF"> </span><span
class=pdftxt1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>22.18 KB (2 pages)</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurricane_Facts/working_outdoors.pdf">OSHA
Fact Sheet: Working Outdoors in Warm Climates</a><br>
Hot summer months pose special hazards for outdoor workers who must protect
themselves against heat, sun exposure, and other hazards. Employers and
employees should know the potential hazards in their workplaces and how to
manage them.<br>
<img border=0 width=20 height=16 id="_x0000_i1042"
src="cid:image016.gif@01C9F41E.7D25DF40" alt="this document in PDF"> </span><span
class=pdftxt1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>25.38 KB (2 pages)</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h4>NASD:<o:p></o:p></h4>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo13'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.nasdonline.org/docs/d000001-d000100/d000004/d000004.html">NASD:
Keep Cool</a><br>
Outdoor worker flyer about heat stress. <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo13'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.nasdonline.org/docs/d001601-d001700/d001633/d001633.html">NASD:
Dangers of Heat Stress</a><br>
Provides a script that can be used to deliver a 15-minute training session
to employees. The text explains the impact that hot weather work can have
on health, describes preventive measures, and touches briefly on first
aid.<br>
<a
href="http://www.nasdonline.org/docs/d001601-d001700/d001633/d001633-s.html"><span
style='font-size:7.5pt;color:#993300'>En Espaņol</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo13'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.nasdonline.org/docs/d001701-d001800/d001702/d001702.html">NASD:
Heat Stress</a><br>
A flyer that will enable the reader with information to be able to
identify symptoms of heat stroke and exhaustion, and know the emergency
procedures for both.<br>
<a
href="http://www.nasdonline.org/docs/d001701-d001800/d001702/d001702-s.html"><span
style='font-size:7.5pt;color:#993300'>En Espaņol</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:black;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo13'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.nasdonline.org/docs/d001701-d001800/d001749/d001749.html">NASD:
Sun Exposure</a><br>
A flyer about possible outcomes of overexposure to the sun, and how to
prevent overexposure.<br>
<a
href="http://www.nasdonline.org/docs/d001701-d001800/d001749/d001749-s.html"><span
style='font-size:7.5pt;color:#993300'>En Espaņol</span></a> <o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/heat/index.shtml">National Oceanic &
Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Weather Service: Heat Index</a><br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>External link:
http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/heat/index.shtml</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/brochures/heatwave.pdf">NOAA: Heat Wave - A
Major Summer Killer</a><br>
Provides general information regarding the recognition and control of heat
stress.<br>
<img border=0 width=20 height=16 id="_x0000_i1043"
src="cid:image016.gif@01C9F41E.7D25DF40" alt="this document in PDF"> </span><span
class=pdftxt1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>267.79 KB (2 pages)</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.msha.gov/s&hinfo/heatstress/heatstresshp.htm">Mine Safety
& Health Administration (MSHA): Heat Stress - What to Do.</a><br>
Provides documents related to heat stress in the mining industry.<br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>External link:
http://www.msha.gov/s&hinfo/heatstress/heatstresshp.htm </span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.fs.fed.us/fire/safety/fitness/heat_stress/hs_pg1.html">United
States Department of Agriculture (USDA): Wildland Fire Safety - Heat Stress</a><br>
This brochure focuses on the risks of heat stress, and what the firefighter
should do to minimize those risks.<br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>External link:
http://www.fs.fed.us/fire/safety/fitness/heat_stress/hs_pg1.html</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.eustis.army.mil/weather/weather_products/wxconversions.htm#HeatIndex">U.S.
Army: Heat Index Calculator</a><br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>External link:
http://www.eustis.army.mil/weather/weather_products/wxconversions.htm#HeatIndex</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style='border-top:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;border-left:none;border-bottom:solid #D0A560 1.5pt;
border-right:none;padding:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<h3><a name="_Additional_Resources"></a><span style='font-size:15.0pt'>Additional
Resources <o:p></o:p></span></h3>
</div>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.acgih.org/store/ProductDetail.cfm?id=1361">American Conference
of Governmental Industrial Hygienists: Product Store - Threshold Limit Values
and Biological Exposure Indices</a><br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>This document is
available for purchase at: http://www.acgih.org/store/ProductDetail.cfm?id=1361</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO+7933%3a2004">American
National Standards Institute (ANSI) - Ergonomics of the Thermal Environment:
Analytical Determination and Interpretation of Heat Stress Using Calculation of
the Predicted Heat Strain</a><br>
This document specifies a method for the analytical evaluation and
interpretation of the thermal stress experienced by a subject in a hot
environment. It describes a method for predicting the sweat rate and the
internal core temperature that the human body will develop in response to the
working conditions.<br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>This document is
available for purchase at:
http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO+7933%3a2004</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO+12894%3a2001">ANSI -
Ergonomics of the Thermal Environment: Medical Supervision of Individuals
Exposed to Extreme Hot or Cold Environments</a><br>
This International Standard provides advice to those concerned with the safety
of human exposures to extreme hot or cold thermal environments.<br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>This document is
available for purchase at:
http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO+12894%3a2001</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO+7243%3a1989">ANSI -
Hot environments: Estimation of the Heat Stress on Working Man, Based on the
WBGT-index (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature)</a><br>
This document gives a method, which can easily be used in an industrial
environment for evaluating the stresses on a individual. It applies to the
evaluation of the mean effect of heat on man during a period representative of
his activity but it does not apply to very short periods, nor to zones of
comfort.<br>
</span><span class=extlink1><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>This document is
available for purchase at:
http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO+7243%3a1989opc/section01.html</span></span><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://agrilifebookstore.org/publications_details.cfm?whichpublication=2079">Texas
A&M University - Texas Cooperative Extension: Coping with Hot Work
Environments</a><br>
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<p><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'><a
href="http://www.wca.state.nm.us/partners/pdf/working_outdoors.pdf">State of
New Mexico Workers' Compensation Administration - Safety Facts: Working
Outdoors</a><br>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:8.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#666666'>Page last updated: April 13,
2009 <br>
Page last reviewed: October 22, 2008 <br>
Content Source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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